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Background and AimChildren's optimal growth and maturity necessitates good nutrition and mother has an important role in children's health lack of their awareness leads to different disorders. This research has been done to determine the effect of education on mother's knowledge and practice about supplementary nutrition for children less than one year.   Materials and MethodsIn this quasi-experimental research 30 mothers £rom different health centers in Birjand, whose children's growth curve was 2 standard deviations below standard according to age and gender, were interviewed. The questionnaire contained 80 questions for knowledge and practice evaluation and then scores was scaled in 3 levelsweak, moderate, good. At first basic information were collected then mothers educated through group discussion, showing films, slides, and pamphlets. After 15 days questionnaires were completed again. Data were analyzed by SPSS software through descriptive and inferential statistics.  ResultsThe average age of children was 2.16±0.69 month and the average age of mothers was 32±0.57 years .66% of mothers were unaware about the age of starting complimentary food, 26% about the age of starting iron drop and 40% about starting age of multivitamin drop, 13.33% about the kind of complimentary food. Most of mothers didn't have right information about starting age and how to nutriate their children with different nutrients. There is a statistical significant difference (p= 0.004) between mean scores of knowledge before (0.37±1.07) and after education (0.62±1.49). Also mean scores of practice before (0.54±1.31) with after education (0.73±1.96) different significantly (P=0.00). The mean age of starting supplementary diet in children didn't related to mothers' job, educational level and age, but the mean age of quiting breast feeding and mean age of starting multivitamin drop had a relationship with birth rank of children (P=0.05 and P=0.002 respectively).    ConclusionSince starting the supplementary nutrition before 4 months ages can cause infection, malnutrition and allergy so proper educational programs for mothers is important and possible problems about breast feeding until 6 months should be investigated.

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