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Background and AimSelf-medication is an important part of peoples’ medical Behavior. The prevalence rates of self-medication are high all over the world. The aim of this study was to survey prevalence of self-medication amongst university students and the factors affecting it.   Materials and Methods1048 students participated in this cross-sectional and descriptive study in Birjand (Medical Sciences, Birjand, Islamic Azad and Payame-Noor) Universities. The samples were selected randomly by self- designed questionnaire. The obtained data analyzed by SPSS software (V.15) using descriptive- analytical statistics test and logistic regression.   ResultsThe prevalence of self-medication was 86.7%. The most common reason for self-medication was previous experience (77.2%), the most common type was tablet (88.7%), the most common drug was palliatives (81.7%) and the most common symptoms were allergy (36.1%). The findings of the logistic regression analysis showed that Payame-Noor University students were less likely to use drugs for self-medication than the Medical Sciences students (P=0.002). The students who had Tamin Ejtemaei and Military insurance were more likely to use drugs for self-medication than those who hadn't any insurance (P

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