en General گزارش مختصر Brief Report Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a major threat for public health around the world. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of HIV/ADIS high risk behaviors and necessity of prevention in the population of Birjand, East of Iran. Methods: This population-based study was conducted on 5235 subjects from Birjand, East of Iran, during years 2013 to 2014. Subjects were asked to complete a checklist including gender, marital status, and history of drug injection, tattooing, unsafe sexual contact, imprisonment, dental surgeries, bloodletting, and blood transfusion. All subjects were tested by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits to detect Anti-HIV antibodies (HIVAb; Genscreen&reg; plus HIV Ag-Ab, Bio-Rad, Matnes la coquette, France). The chi-square test was performed and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Prevalence of HIV was zero. Also, result of the study showed that 9 (0.2%) subjects had a history of drug injection, 81 (1.5%) history of tattooing, 44 (0.8%) unsafe sexual contact, 39 (0.7%) history of imprisonment, 1709 (32.6%) history of dental surgeries, and 802 (15.3%) history of bloodletting. History of drug injection, history of tattooing, unsafe sexual contact, history of imprisonment, and history of dental surgeries showed a significant relationship with gender. Conclusions: It is recommended to increase knowledge about HIV/AIDS behaviors especially in low risk populations to prevent the occurrence of new cases. High Risk Behaviors,Prevent 0 0 http://mcj.bums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-40&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Gholamreza Sharifzadeh 10031947532846003461 10031947532846003461 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Asghar Zarban 10031947532846003462 10031947532846003462 No Antioxidant and Metabolism Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Morteza Hajihosseini 10031947532846003463 10031947532846003463 No Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Ghodsiyeh Azarkar 10031947532846003464 10031947532846003464 No Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Kambiz Mahdizadeh 10031947532846003465 10031947532846003465 No Deputy for Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Majid Shayesteh 10031947532846003466 10031947532846003466 No Birjand CDC Manager, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Masood Ziaee 10031947532846003467 10031947532846003467 Yes Masood Ziaee, Infectious Diseases Research Center‚ Professor of Infectious Diseases‚ Department of Internal Medicine‚ Faculty of Medicine‚ Birjand University of Medical Sciences‚ Birjand‚ Iran. Tel: +98-9151613942, E-mail: dr.m.ziaee@gmail.com